The government has mandated that petrol sold across the country from April 1, 2026, will be E20, and a minimum RON of 95 will be mandatory. In a notification issued by the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas on February 17, it was clarified that oil companies in all states and union territories will sell petrol containing up to 20 percent ethanol, as per the standards of the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS).
This means that in the coming years, ethanol-blended petrol will become common in place of normal petrol. The government has also talked about giving exemptions to some areas for a limited time under special circumstances, but broadly this rule will apply across the country.
What is E20 petrol and how is it different?
E20 petrol is a blend of 20 percent ethanol and 80 percent regular petrol. Ethanol is derived from crops like sugarcane and corn, so it is also called a biofuel. Regular petrol is entirely fossil fuel–based, while E20 partially relies on agricultural fuels. Ethanol burns relatively cleanly, helping to reduce pollution. For this reason, the government considers it important for both environmental and energy security purposes.
Does E20 reduce vehicle mileage?
The biggest question is whether E20 petrol will reduce mileage. According to experts, the energy content of ethanol (called calorific value) is slightly lower than that of normal petrol. When the energy of a fuel is lower, the engine may need slightly more fuel to cover the same distance.
For this reason, mileage is estimated to decrease by about 3 to 7 percent. However, this reduction will not be the same in every vehicle. Vehicles designed with E20 in mind will see very little difference, whereas the impact may be more noticeable in older vehicles.
Why is the impact different on new and old vehicles?
Many new cars and bikes launched after 2023 are being marketed as E20-ready. The engines and fuel systems of these vehicles are designed to handle ethanol-blended fuel, so there is less chance of a major impact on their performance and mileage.
In contrast, older vehicles were originally designed for pure petrol. Long-term use of E20 may affect rubber components and the fuel system in some older models. Therefore, if your vehicle is older, it is important to check the manufacturer’s guidelines and seek advice from a service center. Some companies are also providing conversion kits. For example, Royal Enfield has recently introduced an E20-compatible kit.
Why is RON 95 mandatory?
The government has also mandated that E20 petrol must have a minimum Research Octane Number (RON) of 95. RON indicates how well a fuel resists premature engine combustion, also known as knocking.
Knocking occurs when fuel burns prematurely or unevenly, causing a pinging sound and potential long-term engine damage. Fuel with a higher RON burns in a more controlled manner, ensuring engine safety. Therefore, the RON 95 requirement is considered crucial for performance and durability.
Government’s objective and wider impact
The government has already achieved the 10% ethanol blending target ahead of schedule. Now, the 20% blending target is the next step toward energy self-sufficiency.
This move is expected to:
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Reduce crude oil imports
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Save foreign exchange
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Increase income for sugarcane and maize farmers
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Lower vehicle emissions
This decision is not merely a fuel switch but part of a broader economic and environmental strategy.
Should vehicle owners worry?
If your vehicle is E20-ready, there is no need to worry. A slight reduction in mileage is possible, but it will generally be limited. If your vehicle is older, it is best to consult the manufacturer and follow regular maintenance schedules.
With proper awareness and precautions, E20 petrol can be used safely.
Should You Be Worried?
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✅ E20-ready vehicle: No major concern
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⚠️ Older vehicle: Check manufacturer advice
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🔧 Maintenance: Follow regular service schedule
A small mileage drop is possible, but for most modern vehicles the impact should remain limited. With proper awareness and maintenance, E20 petrol can be used safely.